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Natan Sharansky
Natan Sharansky ((ヘブライ語:נתן שרנסקי); , Natan Shcharansky; born 20 January 1948) is a Soviet-born Israeli politician, human rights activist and author who spent nine years in Soviet prisons for allegedly spying for the American Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). Natan Sharansky has served as Chairman of the Executive of the Jewish Agency since June 2009.
==Biography==
Anatoly Borisovich Shcharansky () (later Natan Sharansky) was born in Donetsk (then called Stalino), Soviet Union on 20 January 1948 to a Jewish family. He graduated with a degree in applied mathematics from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. As a child, he was a chess prodigy. He performed in simultaneous and blindfold displays, usually against adults. At the age of 15, he won the championship in his native Donetsk.〔(Kasparov beaten in Israel ). ''New York Times''. (16 October 1996). Retrieved on 9 September 2011.〕 When incarcerated in solitary confinement, he claims to have maintained his sanity by playing chess against himself in his mind. Sharansky beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov in a simultaneous exhibition in Israel in 1996.〔
He was given the current name in 1986 by the Israeli ambassador to West Germany, after he was freed from the Soviet incarceration as part of prisoner exchange.〔
Natan Sharansky is married to Avital Sharansky and has two daughters, Rachel and Hannah. In the Soviet Union, his marriage application to Avital was denied by the authorities. They were married in a Moscow synagogue in a ceremony not recognized by the government, as the USSR only recognized civil marriage and not religious marriage.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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